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職場技巧

用英文給同事建設性回饋：不傷人的說法

學會用英文給出建設性回饋，幫助同事成長同時維護良好的工作關係。

導言

在職場中，給予同事建設性回饋（constructive feedback）是成長與團隊進步的關鍵。然而，用英文表達回饋時，許多台灣工作者擔心對方誤解為批評、傷害關係、或顯得過於直接。文化差異使得這項技能更具挑戰性——英文的直白有時被視為粗魯，而過度委婉又可能讓訊息模糊不清。本文將教你如何運用英文給出既誠實又有幫助的回饋，讓對方感受到你的善意，同時清楚知道如何改進。

一、建設性回饋的框架：SBI 模型

在開口之前，先組織你的回饋內容。SBI 模型（Situation-Behavior-Impact）是國際職場廣泛使用的框架，能幫助你結構化表達，避免情緒化或模糊的評論。

SBI 模型說明

  • Situation（情境） — 描述具體發生的時間、地點或場合
  • Behavior（行為） — 客觀描述你觀察到的行為，不帶評判
  • Impact（影響） — 說明該行為造成的影響或後果

SBI 範例句型

  • In yesterday's client meeting (Situation), when you interrupted the client twice while they were explaining their requirements (Behavior), it made them seem frustrated and we lost some important details (Impact).

During last week's presentation (Situation), you spoke very quickly and didn't pause for questions (Behavior), which made it difficult for the audience to follow and several people looked confused (Impact).

In our team stand-up this morning (Situation), you mentioned that the task was 'easy' in front of the junior developer who was struggling with it (Behavior), which might have made them feel discouraged (Impact).

加入建議（SBI + Recommendation）

  • Going forward, I'd suggest waiting for a natural pause before jumping in with questions.
  • Next time, it might help to rehearse at a slower pace and build in time for Q&A.
  • In the future, you could check in privately with team members who seem to be having difficulty.

I'd recommend practicing your opening with a colleague first to get comfortable with the pacing.

二、正面回饋：強化好的行為

建設性回饋不只是指出問題，同樣重要的是肯定做得好的地方。正面回饋能建立信任，讓對方更願意接受改進建議。

表達讚賞的句型

  • I really appreciated how you handled that difficult question from the client.
  • Your attention to detail on the report was outstanding.
  • I want to acknowledge the great work you did on the project launch.
  • You did an excellent job facilitating the discussion today.
  • I was impressed by how calmly you managed the crisis yesterday.

I want to give you credit for the way you stepped up during the deadline crunch. Your dedication really made a difference.

Your presentation yesterday was one of the clearest I've seen. The visuals and structure were spot on.

具體化讚美

  • The way you structured the data made it very easy to understand.
  • I noticed you took the time to mentor the new team member — that shows great leadership.
  • Your proactive communication kept everyone aligned throughout the project.
  • The client specifically mentioned how professional you were during the call.

The client feedback mentioned your responsiveness and thoroughness — that's a direct result of your hard work.

鼓勵持續發展

  • Keep doing what you're doing — it's really working.
  • I'd love to see you take on more responsibilities in this area.
  • Have you considered sharing this approach with the wider team?
  • This is exactly the kind of initiative we need more of.

You're developing a real strength in stakeholder management. I'd encourage you to lean into that more.

三、改進建議：委婉而明確

當需要指出改進空間時，語氣的選擇至關重要。以下句型能幫助你傳達訊息而不傷害對方自尊。

軟化開場

  • I have some thoughts that might be helpful...
  • Can I share an observation with you?
  • I wanted to discuss something I noticed — I hope you don't mind.
  • I think there's an opportunity to make this even better.
  • I'd like to offer some feedback if you're open to it.

I wanted to share some feedback with you — is now a good time?

I have a suggestion that I think could help strengthen your approach. Would you be open to hearing it?

使用 "I" 陳述而非 "You" 指責

  • I felt that the timeline wasn't clearly communicated to the team.
  • I noticed that some details were missing from the final deliverable.
  • I found it challenging to follow the logic in the second section.
  • I think we could improve the flow of the presentation.

避免：

  • You didn't communicate the timeline clearly.
  • You missed important details.
  • Your presentation was confusing.

I felt that the transition between topics was a bit abrupt. Adding a brief summary might help the audience follow along.

提供具體建議

  • One thing that might help is to send a pre-read before the meeting.
  • Have you considered using a template for these reports?
  • It might be worth practicing the demo with a smaller group first.
  • You could try breaking the task into smaller milestones.

A suggestion for next time: starting with the key takeaway might help frame the discussion more effectively.

You might find it helpful to use bullet points instead of long paragraphs for the executive summary.

三明治法（Sandwich Method）

將改進建議夾在兩個正面回饋之間：

  1. 正面：Your research was thorough and well-documented.
  2. 改進：I think the conclusion section could be more concise — some points were repeated.
  3. 正面：Overall, it's a strong piece of work and I'm confident the client will appreciate the depth of analysis.

You did a great job managing the project timeline. One area to consider is documenting decisions in the shared drive so the team can reference them later. Your organizational skills are clearly an asset to the team.

四、一對一 vs. 團隊場合的回饋策略

一對一私下回饋

敏感或需要深入討論的回饋，應在私下進行。

  • Do you have a few minutes for a quick chat?
  • I'd like to give you some feedback on the presentation. Can we find a quiet room?
  • I wanted to follow up on something from this morning's meeting.
  • I have some thoughts I'd prefer to share one-on-one.

Hey, do you have five minutes after this meeting? I'd like to discuss the client call and share some observations.

團隊場合的公開肯定

在團隊面前給予正面回饋能激勵士氣，但公開批評應極力避免。

  • I want to recognize [Name] for the excellent work on [Project].
  • Shout-out to [Name] for going above and beyond this week.
  • [Name]'s approach to problem-solving on this issue was really effective.

I want to publicly thank Sarah for volunteering to cover the presentation when our speaker fell ill. That took real initiative.

書面回饋

透過郵件或協作工具給予回饋時，語氣需更仔細斟酌。

  • Thank you for sharing the draft. Here are a few suggestions for your consideration.
  • I've reviewed the document and have some feedback below.
  • Overall, this is a solid start. A few areas to refine:
  • I appreciate the effort you put into this. Here are my thoughts:

Hi Tom, I've reviewed your proposal and I'm impressed with the market analysis. A few suggestions to strengthen the financial section: [details]. Happy to discuss further if helpful.

五、接收回饋與雙向對話

給予回饋後，留出空間讓對方回應，展現尊重與開放態度。

邀請對方回應

  • What are your thoughts on this?
  • Does this resonate with you?
  • How do you feel about what I've shared?
  • Is there anything you'd like to add or clarify?
  • What support do you need to make these improvements?

I'd love to hear your perspective. Is there context I'm missing?

How can I support you in working on this?

對方防禦時的應對

  • I understand this might be hard to hear. My intention is to help, not criticize.
  • I can see this is important to you. Let's talk through it together.
  • I appreciate you being open to this conversation.
  • Take your time to process this — we can revisit it later if needed.

I hear you, and I want you to know I value your contributions. This feedback comes from a place of wanting to see you succeed.

常見錯誤

  1. 過於模糊 — "You need to improve your communication" 沒有說明具體問題或建議。

  2. 人身攻擊 — 批評個性而非行為，如 "You're always so disorganized" 而非描述具體事件。

  3. 在憤怒時給回饋 — 情緒激動時的回饋往往傷人且缺乏建設性。

  4. 只批評不讚美 — 長期只收到負面回饋會打擊士氣和動力。

  5. 公開批評 — 在團隊會議中指出個人錯誤，讓對方難堪且損害信任。

  6. 回饋與行動脫節 — 指出問題但未提供可行建議或資源支持。

  7. 過度道歉 — "Sorry to say this, but..." 開場過多次反而顯得不真誠。

  8. 比較他人 — "Why can't you be more like John?" 這類比較極具破壞性。

情境模擬

情境一：新同事簡報需要改進

"Hi Jessica, thanks for presenting today. I wanted to share some feedback — do you have a few minutes?"

"Sure, of course."

"First, I want to say your content was really well-researched. The market data you presented was compelling. One thing I noticed is that you read directly from the slides for most of the presentation. I think the audience would engage more if you used the slides as prompts and spoke more naturally. For the next one, would you like to do a practice run together? I can give you some tips on delivery."

情境二：資深同事的工作品質問題

"Mark, I wanted to discuss the quarterly report you submitted. The analysis section was excellent — really thorough. I did notice that the executive summary had a few inconsistencies with the data in Section 3. The revenue figures didn't match. It might help to do a final cross-check before submission. Would it be useful if I shared the checklist I use for quality review?"

情境三：透過郵件給予書面回饋

Subject: Feedback on Draft Proposal

Hi Alex,

Thank you for sending over the draft proposal. I can see you've put a lot of effort into the competitive analysis — that section is particularly strong.

A few suggestions to strengthen the overall document:

  • The introduction could be more concise — consider cutting the second paragraph.
  • The pricing section would benefit from a comparison table for clarity.
  • Please double-check the client name spelling on page 4.

Overall, this is solid work. Let me know if you'd like to discuss any of these points. Happy to do a quick call tomorrow.

Best regards, Manager Name

練習建議

  1. 寫下 SBI 草稿 — 針對一個真實情境，先寫出 Situation、Behavior、Impact 三要素，再轉換成完整句子。

  2. 錄音自我檢視 — 錄下自己給予回饋的練習，注意語氣是否過於嚴厲或模糊。

  3. 正向練習優先 — 本週至少給三位同事具體的正面回饋，建立給予回饋的習慣與信心。

  4. 請求回饋示範 — 觀察你欣賞的管理者如何給予回饋，記錄他們的用語和結構。

  5. 角色互換 — 與同事練習：一人給回饋，一人回應，然後交換角色並討論感受。

  6. 建立回饋模板 — 為常見情境（簡報、報告、會議表現）準備開場與結構模板，降低臨場壓力。

  7. 反思接收經驗 — 回想你收到過最好的回饋是什麼樣的，模仿那種語氣與結構。

總結

用英文給予建設性回饋，核心在於「對事不對人、具體不模糊、誠意不傷人」。運用 SBI 模型組織內容，以 "I" 陳述表達觀察，提供可行建議，並在私下場合進行敏感對話。同時別忘了給予正面回饋——肯定與改進建議同樣重要。當同事感受到你的回饋是為了幫助他們成長，而非挑剔批評，他們會更願意聆聽、改進，並感謝你的誠實與支持。